新能源汽车参考书

[1]臧杰.新能源汽车[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2013.

[2]周庆辉. 汽车新能源与排放控制(双语教学版)[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2016.

[3]MichaelH.westbrook.The Electric Car [M]. London:the institution of engineering andtechnology, 2001.

[4] 吴兴敏.新能源汽车[M].北京：化学工业出版社，2017.

[5] 尹力卉.新能源汽车技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2017.

[6]王震坡.电动汽车原理与应用技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2016.

 Introduction to the textbook of newenergy vehicle

"Newenergy vehicles" teaching materials at home and abroad to the commonnatural gas, liquefied petroleum gas car, alcohols, biodiesel, car, electriccars and other new energy vehicles as an example to introduce its basicstructure, working principle, installation location, overall arrangement,application and development direction, key technology, such as knowledge, onthe basis of certain traditional car knowledge, outstanding scientific andtechnological innovation, technical innovation, high technology and newtechnology in the application of new energy automobile manufacturing, payattention to reflect the engineering practice and application, especially themaintenance content combined with specialized courses, broadening the ways forstudents employment, is teaching material of "automobile structure"teaching material's follow-up.

《New energy vehicles》 teachingsyllabus

Englishname: New energy vehicle

Coursecode: D013920

Teachinghours in class: 48 class hours, including 40 classhours for teaching and 8 class hours for experiment.

Credits: 3 credits

Applicablemajor: automobile service engineering

Courseunit: college of mechanical and vehicle engineering

Authors:By wang Lin

Reviewer: wang pengfei

Time:June 2017

I. nature and tasks of the course

This course is a limited elective course for the vehicle major ofour college, mainly focusing on the development of new energy vehicles, naturalgas vehicles, liquefied petroleum gas vehicles, alcohol vehicles and electricvehicles, and energy management.Through the study of this course, students canhave an understanding of the structure and principle of electric vehicles, andlay a foundation for further development in the automotive industry in thefuture.

The task of this course is to enable students to master theclassification and development trend of new energy vehicles;Structure andworking principle of electric vehicles;Electric vehicle energy managementsystem and auxiliary devices and other basic knowledge and basic theory.

Through the study of this course, students can clarify the principleand structure of electric vehicles, firmly grasp their basic concepts, andpreliminarily understand the development status of electric vehicles and theresearch trend of new technologies.

Ii. Main content, basic requirements, key points anddifficulties of the course

Unit 1 introduction

1.The basic requirement is to understand the definition andclassification of new energy vehicles.To understand the energy andenvironmental problems faced by the automobile industry and the developmentstatus and trend of new energy vehicles.

2.the column refers to the classification of new energy vehicles;Thedevelopment of electric cars.

3.the 3 teaching difficulties are not

4. Teaching content

(1)Introduction to new energy vehicles

(2) Energy and environmental problems faced by the automobileindustry

(3) Development of new energy vehicles

Unit 2 natural gas vehicle

1.    Parameters basic requirements

Understand the type and overall layout of natural gasvehicles;Master the natural gas vehicle fuel supply system;Understand thestructure and working principle of special device for natural gas vehicle.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Natural gas vehicle fuel supply system

3. Difficulties in learning together

Electrical control system for engine gas supply

4. Teaching content

(1) Introduction

(2) Natural gas vehicle fuel supply system

(3) Structure and working principle of compressed natural gasvehicle special device

(4) Maintenance of natural gas vehicles

Unit 3 LPG vehicles

1.    Parameters basic requirements

To understand the physical and chemical characteristics of LPG andthe types and layout of LPG vehicles;Master the LPG automotive fuel supplysystem;To understand the structure and working principle of special equipmentfor LPG vehicles, and to preliminarily understand the maintenance knowledge ofLPG vehicles.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

LPG fuel supply system

3. Difficulties in learning together

none

4. Teaching content

(1) Introduction

(2) Structure and working principle of LPG automotive fuel supplysystem

(3) Structure and working principle of LPG automotive specialequipment

(4) LPG vehicle maintenance

Unit 4 alcohol fuel vehicles

1.Parameters basic requirements

To understand the main characteristics of alcohol fuels;Master thestructural improvement of vehicle alcohol fuel engine and the structuralimprovement of vehicle high proportion and pure alcohol fuel engine;Understandalcohol fuel vehicle maintenance.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Master the structural improvement of vehicle alcohol fuel engine andthe structural improvement of vehicle high proportion and pure alcohol fuelengine

3. Difficulties in learning together

none

4. Teaching content

(1) Introduction

(2) Structure and working principle of alcohol fuel automobileengine

(3)Alcohol fuel vehicle maintenance

Unit 5 other new energy vehicles

1.Parameters basic requirements

To understand the physical and chemical characteristics of biodieseland its application in automobiles;To understand the physical and chemicalproperties of dimethyl ether and its application in automobiles;To understandthe physical and chemical properties of hydrogen and its application inautomobiles.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

none

3. Difficulties in learning together

none

4. Teaching content

(1) Biodiesel cars

(2) dimethyl ether car

(3)Hydrogen cars

unit 6 The structure and working principleof the electric vehicle

1.Parameters basic requirements

Master the classification and layout of pure electric vehicles;Understandthe characteristics and development direction of pure electric vehicles;Graspthe structure and working principle of hybrid electric vehicles, understand thecharacteristics and development direction of hybrid electric vehicles;Masterthe basic composition and working principle of fuel cell electricvehicle;Understand the characteristics and development direction of fuel cellelectric vehicle.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Basic structure and working principle of pure electric vehicle, hybridelectric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle.

3. Difficulties in learning together

The working principle of pure electric vehicle, hybrid electricvehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle.

4. Teaching content

(1)Pure electric vehicles

(2)Hybrid electric vehicles

(3)Fuel cell electric vehicles

Unit 7 common device of electric vehicle

1.Parameters basic requirements

Understand the working principle and main performance index ofbattery;Understand the basic requirements of battery for electricvehicles;Master battery technology and other energy storage devices.Master theworking principle of fuel cell;Grasp the structure and working principle ofproton exchange membrane fuel cell;Learn about other types of fuel cells.Tounderstand the basic requirements of electric vehicle for driving motor andmain performance parameters of motor;Master the structure and working principleof dc motor, asynchronous motor, permanent magnet motor and switched reluctancemotor.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Battery technology;Structure and working principle of protonexchange membrane fuel cell;Structure and working principle of dc motor,asynchronous motor, permanent magnet motor and switched reluctance motor.

3. Difficulties in learning together

Working principle of dc motor, asynchronous motor, permanent magnetmotor and switched reluctance motor.

4. Teaching content

(1) Battery

(2) Fuel cell

(3) Motor

Unit 8 energy management system andauxiliary devices for electric vehicles

1.Parameters basic requirements

Master the energy management system of pure electric vehicle, hybridelectric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle;Understand the type of chargerand charging method;Master the charging principle of battery charger ofelectric vehicle;Understand the requirements of electric vehicle electronicequipment for power supply;Master the working principle of DC/DC, DC/AC andAC/DC power converter;Master the basic principle of braking energy recoverysystem of electric vehicle;Understand the infrastructure of electric vehicles.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Energy management systems for pure electric vehicles, hybridelectric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles;Working principle of DC/DC,DC/AC and AC/DC power converter;The basic principle of braking energy recoverysystem of electric vehicle.

3. Difficulties in learning together

Working principle of DC/DC, DC/AC and AC/DC power converter;Thebasic principle of braking energy recovery system of electric vehicle.

4. Teaching content

(1) Energy management system of electric vehicles

(2) Charger

(3) Power conversion device

(4) Braking energy recovery system of electric vehicles

(5) Fuel cell vehicle hydrogen safety system

(6)Infrastructure of electric vehicles

Iii.Course hours allocation

Fourth, the practical teaching link projectteaching request and the teaching time arrangement

Mathematics experimental teaching

1. Teaching requirements

Students are required to combine what they have learned intheoretical courses with practical problems, master the basic structure andworking principle of electric vehicles, enhance their independent thinkingability, and deepen their understanding of classroom contents.

2. Experimental teaching projects and class hour allocation

3. Experimental content arrangement

Experiment 1 general structure of electric vehicle

I. purpose and requirements of the experiment

Through this experiment, students are required to be able to do thefollowing:

(1) understand the classification and overall layout of electricvehicles, and have a preliminary understanding of each assembly;

(2) understand the basic functions and structural interconnectionsof each assembly;

(3) master the structural characteristics of pure electric vehicles

Ii. Experimental contents

Cognition of energy supply system, transmission device, drive axle,wheel, axle and frame, suspension, steering system and brake system.

(1) energy supply system

Through the explanation to the pure electric vehicle energy supplysystem, the understanding energy supply, the storage, the distribution and themanagement equipment.

(2) transmission system

In order to transfer the power output from the battery pack to thedriving wheel, students are required to use the transmission device of thetransmission system. Students are required to observe and learn thetransmission system of pure electric vehicles, and get familiar with the basiccomposition, structure and principle of the transmission device.

(3) steering system

Steering system is mainly used to restore or change the drivingdirection of the car, the main operating mechanism, steering device andsteering transmission mechanism, some are also equipped with steering powerdevice.

(4) driving system

Driving system mainly includes frame, axle, shock absorber andwheel. Through the learning of driving system of pure electric experimentalvehicle, I am familiar with the structure and working principle of eachassembly of driving system.

Iii. Main instruments and equipment

(1) one electric experimental vehicle;

(2) relevant teaching AIDS, videos and teaching wall charts;

(3) one multimedia classroom

Experimental two pure electric vehiclebattery management system cognition

I. purpose and requirements of the experiment

(1) understand the classification and composition of battery pack;

(2) master the functions of battery pack management system;

(3) master the implementation methods of battery pack powermanagement, electric safety management and thermal management, etc.

Ii. Experimental contents

(1) basic knowledge of power battery pack

Master the classification and basic composition of power batterypack, and make students preliminarily understand the advantages anddisadvantages of different types of power battery through the study of basicknowledge of battery pack.

(2) battery management system

Master the functions of battery management system such as detectionof battery performance parameters, data collection, data processing andanalysis, charge and discharge energy management, battery temperature and heatmanagement and control, status data display, safety management and fault diagnosisand alarm.

Iii. Main instruments and equipment

(1) one electric experimental vehicle;

(2) relevant teaching AIDS, videos and teaching wall charts;

Experiment3 vehicle modeling of electric vehicle

I. purpose and requirements of the experiment

(1) master the basic operation process of the software;

(2) familiar with the structure and working principle of electricvehicles;

(3) capable of modeling and signal connection for each module ofelectric vehicle.

Ii. Experimental contents

Using cruise simulation software, open the window to create a newproject, module of electric vehicle (ev) mainly includes the vehicle, unitenergy consumption, power battery, motor, main reducer, differential brake, andwheels, cab, ASC antiskid control module, monitoring and constant module, thesemodules respectively window, drag to model parameter information input module,respectively, and then to do mechanical connection and signal connection,artifacts digital model of the vehicle.

Iii. Main instruments and equipment

(1) simulation software and computer;

(2) relevant teaching AIDS, videos and teaching wall charts;

(3) one multimedia classroom.

Experiment 4. Simulation of vehicle dynamicperformance of electric vehicle

I. purpose and requirements of the experiment

(1) master the basic operation process of the software;

(2) familiar with the structure and working principle of electricvehicles;

(3) capable of modeling and signal connection for each module ofelectric vehicle.

Ii. Experimental contents

Based on the modeling of the whole vehicle of pure electric vehicle(ev), task loading is carried out.

Iii. Main instruments and equipment

(1) simulation software and computer;

(2) relevant teaching AIDS, videos and teaching wall charts;

(3) one multimedia classroom.

4. Experimental teaching materials and reference books

(1) experimental teaching materials

Experimental instruction: self-compiled "electric vehicleprinciple and structure experimental instruction"

(2) refer to experimental teaching materials

Application of structural principles of electric vehicles, huangzhijian, chemical industry press, 2018

Principles and application technology of electric vehicles, wangzhenpo, machinery industry press, 2016.

V.the connection between this course and other courses

"Descriptive geometry and mechanical drawing","automobile structure", "automobile engine principle andautomobile theory" as the first course, the subsequent relevant coursesare mainly "automobile design", "automobile detection anddiagnosis technology", "automobile manufacturing technology" andso on.

Vi.Features of this course and Suggestions on teaching and learning methods

Parameters of the course

This course is theoretical and closely related to practice.

2) advice of teaching and learning

The classroom teaching USES the multimedia teaching method, makesfull use of each kind of teaching resources, encourages and guides the studentindependent study.In the process of teaching, we should combine theory withpractice, adopt flexible teaching methods, stimulate learning enthusiasm, andguide students to take an active part in teaching activities.

Vii.Assessment types, assessment methods and performance assessment

Criteria evaluation type

Searched out.

2) "the judgment should be based on the type of evaluation

1. Assessment method: this course adopts a comprehensive assessmentmethod combining theoretical assessment and time assessment.The theoreticalassessment is based on the open-book written test (the end of the class), andthe usual assessment is based on the combination of in-class performance andhomework.

2. Assessment of course assessment results: the grade system is usedto score, and the composition of the final score is 40% of the usual score and60% of the final theoretical test score.

3. Final exam proposition requirements:

Test paper :(open book) concept 20% application 80%

Viii.It is suggested to use teaching materials and main teaching reference materials

Obtaining materials

Zang jie. New energy vehicles [M]. Beijing: machinery industrypress, 2013.

2) the trustee should refer to the information of the instruction

1. New energy vehicles, wu xingmin, chemical industry press, 2017.

2. New energy vehicle technology, Yin lihui, machinery industrypress, 2017.

3. Principles and application technology of electric vehicles, wangzhenpo, machinery industry press, 2016.

Course Syllabus of "Electric Vehicle Structure

and Principle"

English name: Electric vehicle structure and principle

Course Code: D014301

In-class teaching hours: 32 hours, including 28 hours for lectures and 4 hours for experiments.

Credits: 2 credits

Applicable major: vehicle engineering

Course Unit: School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering

Author: Wang Lin

Reviewer: Wang Pengfei

Established (or revised) time: July 2019

I.The nature and tasks of the course

This course is a limited elective course for the vehicle engineering major of our college. It mainly includes the development background, technical status and development trend of electric vehicles; the structure and working principle of different types of electric vehicles; the motor drive system and on-board energy source system of electric vehicles ; Electrification assistance systems for electric vehicles, etc. Through the study of this course, students will have a systematic understanding of the basic structure and working principle of electric vehicles, grasp the development status of electric vehicles and the research trend of new technologies, and engage in the design, manufacture, application and experiment of electric vehicles in the future. Wait to lay the necessary professional basic knowledge.

Ii. Main content, basic requirements, key points and difficulties of the course

Unit 1 introduction

1.The basic requirement is to understand the definition and classification of new energy vehicles.To understand the energy and environmental problems faced by the automobile industry and the development status and trend of new energy vehicles.

2.the column refers to the classification of new energy vehicles;The development of electric cars.

3.the 3 teaching difficulties are not

4. Teaching content

(1)Introduction to new energy vehicles

(2) Energy and environmental problems faced by the automobile industry

(3) Development of new energy vehicles

Unit 2 natural gas vehicle

1. Parameters basic requirements

Understand the type and overall layout of natural gas vehicles;Master the natural gas vehicle fuel supply system;Understand the structure and working principle of special device for natural gas vehicle.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Natural gas vehicle fuel supply system

3. Difficulties in learning together

Electrical control system for engine gas supply

4. Teaching content

(1) Introduction

(2) Natural gas vehicle fuel supply system

(3) Structure and working principle of compressed natural gas vehicle special device

(4) Maintenance of natural gas vehicles

Unit 3 LPG vehicles

1. Parameters basic requirements

To understand the physical and chemical characteristics of LPG and the types and layout of LPG vehicles;Master the LPG automotive fuel supply system;To understand the structure and working principle of special equipment for LPG vehicles, and to preliminarily understand the maintenance knowledge of LPG vehicles.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

LPG fuel supply system

3. Difficulties in learning together

none

4. Teaching content

(1) Introduction

(2) Structure and working principle of LPG automotive fuel supply system

(3) Structure and working principle of LPG automotive special equipment

(4) LPG vehicle maintenance

Unit 4 alcohol fuel vehicles

1.Parameters basic requirements

To understand the main characteristics of alcohol fuels;Master the structural improvement of vehicle alcohol fuel engine and the structural improvement of vehicle high proportion and pure alcohol fuel engine;Understand alcohol fuel vehicle maintenance.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Master the structural improvement of vehicle alcohol fuel engine and the structural improvement of vehicle high proportion and pure alcohol fuel engine

3. Difficulties in learning together

none

4. Teaching content

(1) Introduction

(2) Structure and working principle of alcohol fuel automobile engine

(3)Alcohol fuel vehicle maintenance

Unit 5 other new energy vehicles

1.Parameters basic requirements

To understand the physical and chemical characteristics of biodiesel and its application in automobiles;To understand the physical and chemical properties of dimethyl ether and its application in automobiles;To understand the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen and its application in automobiles.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

none

3. Difficulties in learning together

none

4. Teaching content

(1) Biodiesel cars

(2) dimethyl ether car

(3)Hydrogen cars

unit 6 The structure and working principle of the electric vehicle

1.Parameters basic requirements

Master the classification and layout of pure electric vehicles;Understand the characteristics and development direction of pure electric vehicles;Grasp the structure and working principle of hybrid electric vehicles, understand the characteristics and development direction of hybrid electric vehicles;Master the basic composition and working principle of fuel cell electric vehicle;Understand the characteristics and development direction of fuel cell electric vehicle.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Basic structure and working principle of pure electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle.

3. Difficulties in learning together

The working principle of pure electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle.

4. Teaching content

(1)Pure electric vehicles

(2)Hybrid electric vehicles

(3)Fuel cell electric vehicles

Unit 7 common device of electric vehicle

1.Parameters basic requirements

Understand the working principle and main performance index of battery;Understand the basic requirements of battery for electric vehicles;Master battery technology and other energy storage devices.Master the working principle of fuel cell;Grasp the structure and working principle of proton exchange membrane fuel cell;Learn about other types of fuel cells.To understand the basic requirements of electric vehicle for driving motor and main performance parameters of motor;Master the structure and working principle of dc motor, asynchronous motor, permanent magnet motor and switched reluctance motor.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Battery technology;Structure and working principle of proton exchange membrane fuel cell;Structure and working principle of dc motor, asynchronous motor, permanent magnet motor and switched reluctance motor.

3. Difficulties in learning together

Working principle of dc motor, asynchronous motor, permanent magnet motor and switched reluctance motor.

4. Teaching content

(1) Battery

(2) Fuel cell

(3) Motor

Unit 8 energy management system and auxiliary devices for electric vehicles

1.Parameters basic requirements

Master the energy management system of pure electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle;Understand the type of charger and charging method;Master the charging principle of battery charger of electric vehicle;Understand the requirements of electric vehicle electronic equipment for power supply;Master the working principle of DC/DC, DC/AC and AC/DC power converter;Master the basic principle of braking energy recovery system of electric vehicle;Understand the infrastructure of electric vehicles.

2. refers to the essence of teaching;

Energy management systems for pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles;Working principle of DC/DC, DC/AC and AC/DC power converter;The basic principle of braking energy recovery system of electric vehicle.

3. Difficulties in learning together

Working principle of DC/DC, DC/AC and AC/DC power converter;The basic principle of braking energy recovery system of electric vehicle.

4. Teaching content

(1) Energy management system of electric vehicles

(2) Charger

(3) Power conversion device

(4) Braking energy recovery system of electric vehicles

(5) Fuel cell vehicle hydrogen safety system

(6)Infrastructure of electric vehicles

Iii. Course hours allocation

Fourth, the practical teaching link project teaching request and the teaching time arrangement

Mathematics experimental teaching

1. Teaching requirements

Students are required to combine what they have learned in theoretical courses with practical problems, master the basic structure and working principle of electric vehicles, enhance their independent thinking ability, and deepen their understanding of classroom contents.

2. Experimental teaching projects and class hour allocation

3. Experimental content arrangement

Experiment 1 general structure of electric vehicle

I. purpose and requirements of the experiment

Through this experiment, students are required to be able to do the following:

(1) understand the classification and overall layout of electric vehicles, and have a preliminary understanding of each assembly;

(2) understand the basic functions and structural interconnections of each assembly;

(3) master the structural characteristics of pure electric vehicles

Ii. Experimental contents

Cognition of energy supply system, transmission device, drive axle, wheel, axle and frame, suspension, steering system and brake system.

(1) energy supply system

Through the explanation to the pure electric vehicle energy supply system, the understanding energy supply, the storage, the distribution and the management equipment.

(2) transmission system

In order to transfer the power output from the battery pack to the driving wheel, students are required to use the transmission device of the transmission system. Students are required to observe and learn the transmission system of pure electric vehicles, and get familiar with the basic composition, structure and principle of the transmission device.

(3) steering system

Steering system is mainly used to restore or change the driving direction of the car, the main operating mechanism, steering device and steering transmission mechanism, some are also equipped with steering power device.

(4) driving system

Driving system mainly includes frame, axle, shock absorber and wheel. Through the learning of driving system of pure electric experimental vehicle, I am familiar with the structure and working principle of each assembly of driving system.

Iii. Main instruments and equipment

(1) one electric experimental vehicle;

(2) relevant teaching AIDS, videos and teaching wall charts;

(3) one multimedia classroom

Experimental two pure electric vehicle battery management system cognition

I. purpose and requirements of the experiment

(1) understand the classification and composition of battery pack;

(2) master the functions of battery pack management system;

(3) master the implementation methods of battery pack power management, electric safety management and thermal management, etc.

Ii. Experimental contents

(1) basic knowledge of power battery pack

Master the classification and basic composition of power battery pack, and make students preliminarily understand the advantages and disadvantages of different types of power battery through the study of basic knowledge of battery pack.

(2) battery management system

Master the functions of battery management system such as detection of battery performance parameters, data collection, data processing and analysis, charge and discharge energy management, battery temperature and heat management and control, status data display, safety management and fault diagnosis and alarm.

Iii. Main instruments and equipment

(1) one electric experimental vehicle;

(2) relevant teaching AIDS, videos and teaching wall charts;

4. Experimental teaching materials and reference books

(1) experimental teaching materials

Experimental instruction: self-compiled "electric vehicle principle and structure experimental instruction"

(2) refer to experimental teaching materials

Application of structural principles of electric vehicles, huang zhijian, chemical industry press, 2018

Principles and application technology of electric vehicles, wang zhenpo, machinery industry press, 2016.

V. the connection between this course and other courses

"Descriptive geometry and mechanical drawing", "automobile structure", "automobile engine principle and automobile theory" as the first course, the subsequent relevant courses are mainly "automobile design", "automobile detection and diagnosis technology", "automobile manufacturing technology" and so on.

Vi. Features of this course and Suggestions on teaching and learning methods

Parameters of the course

This course is theoretical and closely related to practice.

2) advice of teaching and learning

The classroom teaching USES the multimedia teaching method, makes full use of each kind of teaching resources, encourages and guides the student independent study.In the process of teaching, we should combine theory with practice, adopt flexible teaching methods, stimulate learning enthusiasm, and guide students to take an active part in teaching activities.

Vii. Assessment types, assessment methods and performance assessment

1)Criteria evaluation type

Examination

2) "the judgment should be based on the type of evaluation

1. Assessment method: this course adopts a comprehensive assessment method combining theoretical assessment and time assessment.The theoretical assessment is based on the open-book written test (the end of the class), and the usual assessment is based on the combination of in-class performance and homework.

2. Assessment of course assessment results: the grade system is used to score, and the composition of the final score is 30% of the usual score and 70% of the final theoretical test score.

3. Final exam proposition requirements:

Test paper :(open book) concept 20% application 80%

Viii. It is suggested to use teaching materials and main teaching reference materials

Obtaining materials

Zang jie. New energy vehicles [M]. Beijing: machinery industry press, 2013.

2) the trustee should refer to the information of the instruction

1. New energy vehicles, wu xingmin, chemical industry press, 2017.

2. New energy vehicle technology, Yin lihui, machinery industry press, 2017.

3. Principles and application technology of electric vehicles, wang zhenpo, machinery industry press, 2016.