目录

  • 1 Starting out
    • 1.1 An Introduction about Listening(课程导入)
    • 1.2 Inside view(课程内容)
    • 1.3 English Names(第一小节知识补充)
    • 1.4 Outside view (课程内容)
    • 1.5 Oxford University (第二小节知识补充)
    • 1.6 Listening in(课程内容)
    • 1.7 The IVY league(第三小节知识补充)
    • 1.8 Pronunciation(语音练习)
    • 1.9 Ideological and Political Elements of the Unit(单元思政元素挖掘)
    • 1.10 Video Clip of Language and Cultural Point(教师单元知识点精讲视频)
    • 1.11 Language Output of the Unit(语言产出任务布置)
    • 1.12 Peer Assessment(同伴互评)
    • 1.13 Scripts for Unit 1(听力原文)
    • 1.14 Cultural Awareness(文化意识提升)
    • 1.15 Quiz (单元测试)
  • 2 Food, glorious food
    • 2.1 Differences in Food Culture(课程导入)
    • 2.2 Inside view (课程内容)
    • 2.3 Translation for Eight Chinese Cuisines(第一小节知识补充)
    • 2.4 Outside view (课程内容)
    • 2.5 Listening in(课程内容)
    • 2.6 Differences between Western and Chinese Table Manners(第三小节知识补充)
      • 2.6.1 BBC: Table manners I(课外知识补充)
      • 2.6.2 BBC: Table manners II(课外知识补充)
    • 2.7 Pronunciation(语音练习)
    • 2.8 Ideological and Political Elements of the Unit (单元思政元素挖掘)
    • 2.9 Video Clip of Language and Cultural Point(教师单元知识点精讲视频)
    • 2.10 Language Output of the Unit(语言产出任务布置)
    • 2.11 Peer Assessment(同伴互评)
    • 2.12 Sripts for Unit 2(听力原文)
    • 2.13 Cultural Awareness(文化意识提升)
    • 2.14 Quiz(单元测试)
  • 3 Learning to think
    • 3.1 Six Thinking Hats(课程导入)
    • 3.2 Inside view(课程内容)
    • 3.3 Memory (第一小节知识补充)
    • 3.4 Outside view(课程内容)
    • 3.5 Mind maps(第二小节知识补充)
    • 3.6 Listening in (课程内容)
    • 3.7 Backgroung information about Nursery school(第三小节知识补充)
    • 3.8 Pronunciation(语音练习)
    • 3.9 Ideological and Political Elements of the Unit (单元思政元素挖掘)
    • 3.10 Video Clip of Language and Cultural Point(教师单元知识点精讲视频)
    • 3.11 Language Output of the Unit(语言产出任务布置)
    • 3.12 Peer Assessment(同伴互评)
    • 3.13 Scripts for Unit 3(听力原文)
    • 3.14 Quiz(单元测试)
  • 4 Family affairs
    • 4.1 Family Education(课程导入)
    • 4.2 Inside view(课程内容)
    • 4.3 Parents' Roles in Family Education(第一小节知识补充)
    • 4.4 Outside view(课程内容)
    • 4.5 The changing role of fathers(第二小节知识补充)
    • 4.6 Listening in(课程内容)
    • 4.7 Nature and Nurture(第三小节知识补充)
    • 4.8 Pronunciation(语音练习)
    • 4.9 Ideological and Political Elements of the Unit (单元思政元素挖掘)
    • 4.10 Language Output of the Unit(语言产出任务布置)
    • 4.11 Students‘ Language Output Presentation(学生语言产出成果展示)
    • 4.12 Peer Assessment(同伴互评)
    • 4.13 Scripts for Unit 4(听力原文)
    • 4.14 Cultural Awareness(文化意识提升)
    • 4.15 Quiz(单元测试)
  • 5 Revision and Exam(期中测试)
    • 5.1 Test paper (测试样题)
  • 6 News 24/7
    • 6.1 Background information about News(课程导入)
    • 6.2 Inside view(课程内容)
    • 6.3 News(第一小节知识补充)
    • 6.4 Outside view (课程内容)
    • 6.5 Life story about Dianna (第二小节知识补充)
    • 6.6 Listening in(课程内容)
    • 6.7 Reality TV Program(第三小节知识补充)
    • 6.8 Pronunciation(语音练习)
    • 6.9 Language Output of the Unit(语言产出任务布置)
    • 6.10 Students‘ Language Output Presentation(学生语言产出成果展示)
    • 6.11 Peer Assessment(同伴互评)
    • 6.12 Scripts for the Unit (听力原文)
    • 6.13 Key to exercises(参考练习答案)
    • 6.14 Cultural Awareness(文化意识提升)
    • 6.15 Quiz(单元测试)
  • 7 Arrivals and departures
    • 7.1 Modern Beijing Self-Guided Tour (课程导入)
    • 7.2 Inside view (课程内容)
    • 7.3 Preparation for Hiking(第一小节知识补充)
    • 7.4 Outside view (课程内容)
    • 7.5 The Trip to Australia(第二小节知识补充)
    • 7.6 Listening in (课程内容)
    • 7.7 The Trip to the USA(第三小节知识补充)
    • 7.8 Pronunciation(语音练习)
    • 7.9 Ideological and Political Elements of the Unit(单元思政元素挖掘)
    • 7.10 Language Output of the Unit(语言产出任务布置)
    • 7.11 Students‘ Language Output Presentation(学生语言产出成果展示)
    • 7.12 Peer Assessment(同伴互评)
    • 7.13 Scripts for the unit (听力原文)
    • 7.14 Key to exercises(参考练习答案)
    • 7.15 Cultural Awareness(文化意识提升)
    • 7.16 Quiz (单元测试)
  • 8 All you need is love
    • 8.1 Love(课程导入)
    • 8.2 Inside view(课程内容)
    • 8.3 Dating(第一小节知识补充)
    • 8.4 Outside view(课程内容)
    • 8.5 Listening in (课程内容)
    • 8.6 True Love(第三小节知识补充)
    • 8.7 Pronunciation(语音练习)
    • 8.8 Ideological and Political Elements of the Unit (单元思政元素挖掘)
    • 8.9 Language Output of the Unit(语言产出任务布置)
    • 8.10 Students‘ Language Output Presentation(学生语言产出成果展示)
    • 8.11 Peer Assessment(同伴评价)
    • 8.12 Scripts for the unit(听力原文)
    • 8.13 Cultural Awareness(文化意识提升)
    • 8.14 Quiz(单元测试)
  • 9 Body and mind
    • 9.1 What is Health?(课程导入)
    • 9.2 Inside view(课程内容)
    • 9.3 Factors for good health(第一小节知识补充)
    • 9.4 Outside view(课程内容)
    • 9.5 Preserving Health(第二小节知识补充)
    • 9.6 Listening in (课程内容)
    • 9.7 The China Health and Nutrition Survey (第三小节知识补充)
    • 9.8 Pronunciation(语音练习)
    • 9.9 Ideological and Political Elements of the Unit (单元思政元素挖掘)
    • 9.10 Language Output of the Unit(语言产出任务布置)
    • 9.11 Students‘ Language Output Presentation(学生语言产出成果展示)
    • 9.12 Peer Assessment(同伴互评)
    • 9.13 Scripts for the unit(听力原文)
    • 9.14 Key to exercises(参考练习答案)
    • 9.15 Cultural Awareness (文化意识提升)
    • 9.16 Quiz (单元测试)
  • 10 Revision and Final Examination (学期测试)
    • 10.1 Exam Paper(测试样题)
Memory (第一小节知识补充)

Memory



Memory is the recognition, retention, representation or recognition of the experience of the human brain, which is the basis of higher mental activities such as thinking and imagination. Human memory is associated with changes in the structure of the hippocampus and the chemistry of the brain.

Memory is the human brain’s reflection of what has been experienced. The so-called experience of things, refers to the past perception of things, such as seen people or things, heard voices, smelled, tasted taste, touched things, thought, experienced emotions and emotions. The process of transforming abstract disorder into pictorial order is the key to memory

Memory, like perception, is the brain’s response to objective reality, but memory is a more complex psychological phenomenon than perception.

Memory can be short-term or long-term. In short-term memory, your mind stores information for a few seconds or a few minutes: the time it takes you to dial a phone number you just looked up or to compare the prices of several items in a store. Such memory is fragile, and it' s meant to be; your brain would soon read “disk full” if you retained every phone number you called, every dish you ordered in a restaurant, and the subject of every ad you watched on TV. Your brain is also meant to hold an average of seven items, which is why you can usually remember a new phone number for a few minutes but need your credit card in front of you when you' re buying something online.

Long-term memory involves the information you make an effort(conscious or unconscious) to retain, because it' s personally meaningful to you ; you need it , or it made an emotional impression .

Some information that you store in long-term memory requires a conscious effort to recall: episodic memories, which are personal memories about experiences you' ve had at specific times; and semantic memories.Another type of long-term memory is procedural memory, which involves skills and routines you perform so often that they don' t require conscious recall.

记忆是人脑对经验过事物的识记、保持、再现或再认,它是进行思维、想象等高级心理活动的基础  。人类记忆与大脑海马结构  、大脑内部的化学成分变化有关 。

记忆作为一种基本的心理过程,是和其他心理活动密切联系着的。记忆联结着人的心理活动,是人们学习、工作和生活的基本机能。把抽象无序转变成形象有序的过程就是记忆的关键  。

关于记忆的研究属于心理学或脑部科学的范畴。现代人类对记忆的研究仍在继续,尽管当今的科学技术已经有了长足的发展。运用那些经过实践后能有效提高记忆力的方法、技巧,可以使之更好地服务于人类的工作、生活、学习中。