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2 RCEP
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3 DEPA
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4 AI-ChatGPT
TOPIC 1: Definition of ITS in the GATS
TOPIC 2: The meanings of Modes of delivery in ITS
TOPIC 3: The meanings of sectors in ITS
TOPIC 4: Pricinples in GATS
TOPIC 5: the differents and its value of Commitments from the members
DEPA
Full article: Digital trade, digital economy and the digital economy partnership agreement (DEPA) - Taylor & Francis
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00131857.2022.2041413
Conclusion of the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA or the Agreement) comes at a time of considerable disruption to international trade and supply chains due to COVID-19. New Z…
The Digital Economy Partnership Agreement, a milestone in trade negotiations - Beyond Borders - Inicio
https://blogs.iadb.org/integration-trade/en/the-digital-economy-partnership-agreement...
The birth of the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement . Twelve years ago, three countries pioneered the first trans-Pacific trade agreement, laying the foundations for what is now the Tran…
AUSTRALIA-SINGAPORE DIGITAL ECONOMY AGREEMENT - Department Of Foreign Affairs And Trade
https://www.dfat.gov.au/.../files/australia-singapore-digital-economy-agreement.pdf
Trade Agreement shall be replaced with the provisions of Chapter 14 (Digital Economy) as follows: 14 DIGITAL ECONOMY ARTICLE 1 Definitions For the purposes of this Chapter: (a) “administrat…
The TPP and the Digital Economy the Agreement’s Potential as a Benchmark for Future Rule-Making - Springer
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-6731-0_23
The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is currently under negotiation between the ten member states of ASEAN and its six FTA partners (Australia, China, India, Japa…
Trans-Pacific Partnership Rules for Digital Trade in Asia
https://www.adb.org/publications/trans-pacific-partnership-rules-digital-trade-asia
Trans-Pacific Partnership members have successfully created a trade agreement with digital trade provisions that go beyond existing arrangements. Download (Free: 497.01 KB) Digital trade is up…
New Legal Design for Digital Commerce in Free Trade Agreements
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3028008
The article maps the developments in free trade agreements (FTAs) and pays particular attention to the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP), which has been the pinnacle of the existing ef…
Asian Development Bank Institute
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/321851/adbi-wp747.pdf
agreements (RTAs), including in the Trans-Pacific Partnership and ASEAN agreements. Such measures are most commonly found in RTA chapters on ecommerce or in those - dedicated to C…
The International Economic Law Framework for Digital Trade
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2602817
Abstract. This is an attempt for a comprehensive analysis of the international economic law rules relevant for digital trade. At the core of this enquiry are the multilateral rules in the framework of t…
Globalization and the Economic Partnership Agreement
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137356314_1
Abstract. G lobalization is the context in which the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) was mooted and negotiated. The goal of having an EPA and the objectives pursued by both the Euro…
Digital economy and e-commerce: what has the comprehensive and progressive trans-pacific partnership agreement has to of…
irep.iium.edu.my/67208
The Malaysian government has introduced a number of flagship initiatives to leverage on digital economy and tapped the economic trade benefits it promises to the country. For digital economy …
Full article: Digital trade, digital economy and the digital economy partnership agreement (DEPA) - Taylor & Francis
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00131857.2022.2041413
The DEPA Partnership Agreement is described as ‘A new partnership between New Zealand, Chile and Singapore will help New Zealand exporters and SMEs take advantage of opportunities …
The Digital Economy Partnership Agreement, a milestone in trade negotiations - Beyond Borders - Inicio
https://blogs.iadb.org/integration-trade/en/the-digital-economy-partnership-agreement...
This landmark agreement seeks to establish global standards for the digital economy. It couldn’t have come at a better time, given how important digitization and Industry 4.0 will be in recoverin…
(PDF) The Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA): Assessing the Significance of the New Trade Agreement on th…
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354472706_The_Digital_Economy_Partnership...
The Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA): Assessing the Significance of the New Trade Agreement on the Block. September 2021. Trade, Law and Development XIII (1):143.
Australia-Singapore Digital Economy Agreement - Australian Government Department Of Foreign Affairs And Trade
https://www.dfat.gov.au/.../australia-and-singapore-digital-economy-agreement
The Australia-Singapore Digital Economy Agreement (DEA) entered into force on 8 December 2020. The DEA breaks new ground. It sets new global benchmarks for trade rules, and a range o…
AUSTRALIA-SINGAPORE DIGITAL ECONOMY AGREEMENT - Department Of Foreign Affairs And Trade
https://www.dfat.gov.au/.../files/australia-singapore-digital-economy-agreement.pdf
the digital economy; (d) establish new, ambitious and transparent benchmarks that will support the growth and effective regulation of the digital economy; (e) leverage emerging technologies to dee…
Asian Development Bank Institute
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/321841/adbi-wp746.pdf
processes of companies. The agreement also tries to tackle many of the newer issues like regulatory barriers. Of particular importance for this paper, the TPP has more extensive commitm…
Trans-Pacific Partnership Rules for Digital Trade in Asia
https://www.adb.org/publications/trans-pacific-partnership-rules-digital-trade-asia
Trans-Pacific Partnership members have successfully created a trade agreement with digital trade provisions that go beyond existing arrangements. Download (Free: 497.01 KB) Digital trade is up…
The Regulation of Digital Trade in the TPP: Trade Rules for the Digital Age - Springer
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-6731-0_20
In September 2008, the USTR formally announced the launch of US negotiations to join the Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership, a comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (FTA) conclude…
FUTURE-PROOFING WORLD TRADE IN TECHNOLOGY: Turning the WTO IT Agreement (ITA) into the International Digital Eco…
https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/wkshop_june13_e/future_proofing_e.pdf
national Digital Economy Agreement (IDEA) that could expand the current agreement by 40% compared to today’s levels: • Expansion of the product coverage based on two-tier criteria: inclus…
Globalization and the Economic Partnership Agreement
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9781137356314_1
Globalization is the context in which the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) was mooted and negotiated. The goal of having an EPA and the objectives pursued by both the European Union (…
Australia-Singapore Digital Economy Agreement - Australian Government Department Of Foreign Affairs And Trade
https://www.dfat.gov.au/.../australia-and-singapore-digital-economy-agreement
The Australia-Singapore Digital Economy Agreement (DEA) entered into force on 8 December 2020. The DEA breaks new ground. It sets new global benchmarks for trade rules, and a range o…
The TPP and the Digital Economy: The Agreement's Potential As a Benchmark for Future Rule-Making by Simon Lacey - SSRN
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2977160
Abstract. This paper looks at different elements within the negotiated text of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) Agreement that govern various aspects of the digital economy and seeks to a…
Asian Development Bank Institute
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/321841/adbi-wp746.pdf
processes of companies. The agreement also tries to tackle many of the newer issues like regulatory barriers. Of particular importance for this paper, the TPP has more extensive commitm…
The Digital Economy | Cairn International Edition
https://www.cairn-int.info/article-E_NCAE_026_0001--the-digital-economy.htm
The Digital Economy. 1 T ransition to digital technology is in progress. From the media to cars, tourism, agriculture and healthcare, the whole of the economy is now digital. New business mode…
Mega‐Regional Trade Agreements and the Future of the WTO
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1758-5899.12391
The major economies have shifted trade negotiating emphasis toward mega-regional agreements. The emergence of three sets of negotiations – the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement a…
Asia Regional Integration Center
https://aric.adb.org/pdf/FTA_Impact_Assessment.pdf
Asia Regional Integration Center
Economic Partnership Agreements Concluded by Japan
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-662-46748-0_8
At the turn of the century, Japan made a volte-face on its policy regarding bilateral trade agreements and started to conclude a number of economic partnership agreements (or free trad…
The Japan-EU Economic Partnership Agreement—economic potentials and policy perspectives - Springer
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10308-017-0496-z
After more than 4 years of negotiations, Japan and the EU have reached an agreement for bilateral free trade. The intended liberalization of trade in goods, agriculture, and services would …
Quantifying the EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889158318301357
1. Introduction. On July 17, 2018 the EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (EU-Japan EPA) was formally signed and the ratification process started. The EPA constitutes the largest free trad…
DIGITAL ECONOMY, DIGITAL MONEY AND DIGITAL BANKING
facta.junis.ni.ac.rs/eao/eao200902/eao200902-08.pdf
156 P. RADOVANOVIĆ First generation of digital money encompasses systems based on electronic cheques, like NetCheque [for more details see: 7–10]; systems based on smart cards, …
AUSTRALIA-SINGAPORE DIGITAL ECONOMY AGREEMENT - Department Of Foreign Affairs And Trade
https://www.dfat.gov.au/.../files/australia-singapore-digital-economy-agreement.pdf
Trade Agreement shall be replaced with the provisions of Chapter 14 (Digital Economy) as follows: 14 DIGITAL ECONOMY ARTICLE 1 Definitions For the purposes of this Chapter: (a) “administrat…
Asian Development Bank Institute
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/321841/adbi-wp746.pdf
processes of companies. The agreement also tries to tackle many of the newer issues like regulatory barriers. Of particular importance for this paper, the TPP has more extensive commitm…
Asian Development Bank Institute
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/321851/adbi-wp747.pdf
agreements (RTAs), including in the Trans-Pacific Partnership and ASEAN agreements. Such measures are most commonly found in RTA chapters on ecommerce or in those - dedicated to C…
The TPP and the Digital Economy the Agreement’s Potential as a Benchmark for Future Rule-Making - Springer
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-6731-0_23
2.1 Transcending Traditional Trade-Policy Silos. It is generally true that when academics and policymakers discuss the digital economy they generally mean e-commerce. E-commerce is cert…
The International Economic Law Framework for Digital Trade
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2602817
Abstract. This is an attempt for a comprehensive analysis of the international economic law rules relevant for digital trade. At the core of this enquiry are the multilateral rules in the framework of t…
FUTURE-PROOFING WORLD TRADE IN TECHNOLOGY: Turning the WTO IT Agreement (ITA) into the International Digital Eco…
https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/wkshop_june13_e/future_proofing_e.pdf
of developing economies. Therefore there is a strong political and economic rationale for including intra-corporate transfers and quotas on temporary movement of workers (mode 4) replacing eco…
Free Trade Agreements in East Asia: A Way toward Trade Liberalization? (ADB Brief No. 1, June 2010) - Asian Developm…
https://www.adb.org/.../publication/28490/adb-briefs-2010-1-free-trade-agreements.pdf
Japan has rapidly implemented bilateral economic partnership agreements (EPAs) with 10 countries,1 in addition to an agreement with ASEAN, and it is 3 + ˛ * ˛ &% &5 &B &B , ˝ &! ˆˆ &. ˆ …
Assessing the Economic Impacts of Free Trade Agreements: A Computable Equilibrium Model Approach - RIETI
https://www.rieti.go.jp/jp/publications/dp/07e053.pdf
This paper presents assessments of the economic impacts of free trade agreements (FTAs) relating to Japan. The analysis relies on a simulation with a computable equilibrium ... especially …
Asian Development Bank
https://www.adb.org/.../files/publication/177814/ban-making-renewable-energy-success.pdf
Asian Development Bank
Digital economy and e-commerce: what has the comprehensive and progressive trans-pacific partnership agreement has to of…
irep.iium.edu.my/67208
The Malaysian government has introduced a number of flagship initiatives to leverage on digital economy and tapped the economic trade benefits it promises to the country. For digital economy …
ChatGPT: not all languages are equal - Nature.com
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00680-3
The machine-learning system ChatGPT has a remarkable capacity to generate sophisticated and intelligible text, with far-reaching implications for research development and dissemination (see N…
OpenAI invites everyone to test ChatGPT, a new AI-powered chatbot—with amusing results
https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2022/12/openai-invites-everyone-to-test...
ChatGPT aims to produce accurate and harmless talk—but it's a work in progress. Enlarge / An AI-generated image of a chatbot exploding forth from squiggly radial lines, as was foretold by th…
ChatGPT listed as author on research papers: many scientists disapprove
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00107-z
ChatGPT is a large language model (LLM), which generates convincing sentences by mimicking the statistical patterns of language in a huge database of text collated from the Internet.
AI bot ChatGPT writes smart essays — should professors worry?
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-04397-7
ChatGPT is the brainchild of AI firm OpenAI, based in San Francisco, California. In 2020, the company unleashed GPT-3, a type of AI known as a large language model that creates text by tr…
[2212.09292] ChatGPT: The End of Online Exam Integrity?
https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.09292
The study found that ChatGPT is capable of exhibiting critical thinking skills and generating highly realistic text with minimal input, making it a potential threat to the integrity of online exams, partic…
ChatGPT: The End of Online Exam Integrity?
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2212.09292.pdf
ChatGPT: The End of Online Exam Integrity? Teo Susnjak1 1School of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand December 20, 2022 Abstra…
(PDF) ChatGPT: Artificial Intelligence for Education - ResearchGate
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/366463236_ChatGPT_Artificial_Intelligence_for...
ChatGPT, a general-purpose conversation chatbot released on November 30, 2022, by OpenAI, is expected to impact every aspect of society.
What Is ChatGPT and How Is It Used in Education?
https://www.edweek.org/technology/what-is-chatgpt-and-how-is-it-used-in-education/2023/01
The chat app, released widely for free in late November 2022, is based on the underlying GPT technology, which comprehensively scanned the internet during the summer of 2020 and develo…
Why is ChatGPT Making Waves in the AI Market? - Gartner.com
https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/press-releases/2022-12-08-why-is-chatgpt-making...
At a high level, ChatGPT is a specific chatbot use case where the chatbot is used to interact (chat) or ‘converse’ with a GPT information source. In this case, the GPT information source is trained f…
Abstracts written by ChatGPT fool scientists
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00056-7
The ChatGPT-generated abstracts sailed through the plagiarism checker: the median originality score was 100%, which indicates that no plagiarism was detected. The AI-output detector spotte…
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