蛋白质生物合成体系
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蛋白质合成体系-Protein synthetic System
★直接模板— mRNA
★tRNA
★ Ribosomes—核糖体
· 20 amino acids (AA)
· 酶和蛋白因子: IF、eIF、EF、RF
· ATP、GTP、Mg2+
★合成特点:复杂、精确、动态、快速、大量耗能(90%)
遗传密码的发现 - Discovery of codons
★1. 1954, George Gamow :Triplet codon theory— a code of 3 nt codes for 64 aa.(43)
★2. 1961,Crick reconfirm triplet codon theory
★3. Nirenberg:(polyU-Phe)as template— the first experiment to demonstrate the nature of codon.
★4. Khorana: poly-nucleotides(UC)n(UUC)n(UUAC)n as template, and identify the rest of genetic code.
★5. 1965: complete deciphering codons of standard genetic code.
★6. 1968- Noble Prize(Robert, Nirenberg and Khorana)

