3. 2 posttranscriptional processingin eukaryote(真核)

★ tRNA

Modifications
· (1)Methylation
example:A → Am
· (2)Reductive reaction
example:U → DHU
· (3)Reductive reaction
example:U → ψ
· (4)Deamination
example:A → I
★ mRNA
mRNA转录后加工类型 :
· ① Capping(加帽)
· ② Addition of poly A tail(添加 poly A 尾)
· ③ Splicing(剪接)
· ④ Methylation(甲基化)
· ⑤ RNA editing (RNA 编辑)
① Capping(加帽)
★

★ The addition of 5'cap

★Function:
·1.Help to stabilize mRNA(稳定mRNA防止降解)
·2.Permit initiation of translation (specific, where translation should begin)-协助起始翻译过程.
② Addition of poly A tail(添加 poly A 尾)

★Specific endonuclease cuts at modification site
★PolyA 聚合酶催化无模板添加A延伸.
★polyA :∽more than 250 nt .
★Histone: no poly A tail.
★Roberts and Sharps found interrupted gene(断裂基因) in 1977 separately.


