1. Writing skills: 1) simple and precise language usage; 2) good logic

2. Rhetorical devices: 1) alliteration; 2）assonance; 3) synecdoche; 4) sarcasm

5) metonymy

3. Stylistic features: facts, examples and evidence are used to state the thesis and convince the readers

Identify the rhetorical devices in the following sentences.

1. He has been appointed to the bench. ( )

2. Yet there were some stout hearts who attempts resistance.

3. For comfort, convenience, superb service and more flights to Japan—YOU CAN DEPEND ON US.

Key:

1. metonymy

2. synecdoche

3. alliteration

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions:

Five score yeas ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.

But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.

—Martin Luther King, Jr.

1.Is the style of the passage formal or informal?

2.Give examples of the formal words and expressions in the passage.

3.What rhetorical devices are used? Give examples.

Key:

1.The passage is informal.

2.Examples of formal words and expressions are：

symbolic shadow, momentous decree, a great beacon light of hope, seared in the flames of withering injustice, a joyous daybreak , the long night of captivity, etc.

3.Rhetorical devices used in the passage:

(1) simile: (as) a great beacon light of hope; (as) a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity

(2) metaphor: …seared in the flames of withering injustice; …on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity

(3) parallelism: But one hundred years later…one hundred years later,,, one hundred years later… one hundred years later…

(4) paradox: one hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.

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