Part one—Writing Techniques

Part Two—Rhetorical Devices

Part Three—Stylistic Features

Translate Para 19 and 20.

Para. 19

By Adolf Hitler’s definition, New York is mongrel city. It is in fact the first truly international metropolis. No other great city- not London, Paris, Rome or Tokyo- plays host (or hostage) to so many nationalities. The mix is much wider- Asians, Africans, Latins - that when that tumultuousvariety of European crowded ashore at Ellis Island. The newcomers are never fully absorbed, but are added precariously to the undigested many.

Para. 20

New York is too big to be dominated by any group, by Wasps or Jews or blacks, or by Catholics of many origins — Irish, Italian, Hispanic. All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be reckoned with and tough in asserting their claims, but none is powerful enough to subdue the others. Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously, regarding it as an unworkable mixture of the idealistic, the impractical, and the hypocritical. But New Yorkers themselves are in training in how to live together in a diversity of races- the necessary initiation into the future.

Key:

Para. 19

根据阿道夫·希特勒的定义，纽约是个杂种。纽约事实上是一个真正的国际大都市。没有其他的城市---不管是伦敦，巴黎或是东京---能够容纳如果多的国籍。这是一种更为广泛的混杂---亚裔，非裔，拉丁裔---比当时喧杂多样欧洲人拥挤在埃利斯岛登岸时还要多。新来者永远都没有完全被同化，只是不稳定的加入了这个并未融合的群体里。

Para. 20

纽约太大了，无法为任何一个集团所控制，不论是盎格鲁撤克逊新教的白人还是犹太人、黑人或来源不同的天主教徒——爱尔兰人、意大利人、西班牙血统的人。所有这些集团都有他们小小的天地，人数相当多，不容忽视；在维护他们的要求方面都很坚韧，但没有一个强大到足以制服其他集团。这个城市很典型地把联合国加以吞没，不把它当一回事，把它看作一个空想、不切实际、虚伪、无法运转的混合体。但是纽约人却在训练自己如何在一个多民族的社会里共同生活——这是迈向未来必要的开端。

True or false questions

1. According to the author, New York is no longer the leading city in the United States. ( )

2. New York is a city that resists the prevailing trends of America and it is a place where people can escape from uniformity and uncommonness. ( )

3. Europeans take to New York because they feel reassured when they see so many jewelers, shoes stores and designer shops bearing familiar international names on Madison and Fifth avenues. ( )

4. The rhetorical device employed in “Nature constantly yields to man …” is personification. ( )

Key:

1. T;    2. F;    3. F;    4. T

听力：Loving and Hating New York