五味子科Schisandraceae

木质藤本。单叶互生，常有腺点；叶柄细长无托叶。花单性，通常单生叶腋，有时数朵集生于叶腋或短枝上，雌雄异株或同株；花被片6至多数，里外较中间的稍小；雄蕊多数，花丝短至无；心皮多数，离生，花托肉质，胚珠2～5。聚合浆果穗状或球状；种子1～5。

2属约50种，产于亚洲东南部和北美洲东南部。我国2属均产，约30种，分布于东北至西南各地。

分属检索表

1.芽鳞常早落；果时花托不伸长，聚合果穗状……………………………………南五味子属

1.芽鳞常宿存；果时花托伸长，聚合果球状或椭圆状……………………………北五味子属

2.4.1南五昧子属KadsuraKaempf.exJuss.

常绿或半常绿藤本。叶全缘或有齿；无托叶。花雄蕊多数，离生或集为头状；心皮多数，集为头状。聚合浆果，近球形。24种，产于亚洲东部和东南部。我国8种，产于东部至西南部。

南五味子Kadsura ngipedunculata Fin.etGagn.

【形态】：常绿藤本，长4m，全体无毛。叶革质椭圆形或倒卵状长椭圆形，长5～cm，先端渐尖，基部楔形；叶缘有疏浅齿。雌雄异株，花1淡黄色芳香，径约37.5px，花被片8～17枚，花梗细长。浆果深红色至暗蓝色，聚合成球状。花期6～7月，果期9～12月。

【分布】：产中国江西、安徽、浙江、福建、广东、四川、湖北等地。

单性异株或同株，单生叶腋，有长柄；

【习性】：喜温暖湿润气候。

【用途】：南五味子枝叶繁茂，夏有香花、秋有红果，是庭园和公园垂直绿化良好树种。

Kadsura longipedunculata, also known as the Chinese Kadsura Vine, is a fruit bearing  monoecious wild evergreen climbing shrub, that is native to Eastern Asia, Western China and Southern China.This rare and unknown flower is often used for its medicinal properties in Asia.

Kadsura longipedunculata can grown between 2.5 meter and 3.5 meters in height, prefers to grow in semi shaded areas and requires water often. The male flowers can be either red or cream while the female flowers tend to be only cream colored. The sepals of the female flowers turn inwards created a dome-shape while the sepals of the male flowers are slightly curved upwards but do not close.

2.4.2北五昧子属Schisandcmichx.

落叶或常绿藤本。芽有数枚覆瓦状鳞片。雌雄异栋。花数朵腋生于当年嫩枝；萼片及花瓣不易区分，共7～12枚；雄蕊5～15，略连合；心皮多数，在花内呈密覆瓦状排列，各发育成浆果而排列于伸长之花托上，形成下垂的穗状。

25种，产于亚洲东南部和美国东南部。我国19种，产于东北至西南、东南各地。

五味子Schisandra chinensis Baill.

【形态】：落叶藤本，长达8m。树皮褐色。小枝无毛，稍有棱。叶互生，倒卵形或椭圆形，长5～cm，先端渐尖，基部楔形，叶缘疏生细齿，叶表有光泽，叶背淡绿色，叶柄及叶脉常带红色，网脉下凹在叶背凸起。花两性异株，乳白或带粉红色，芳香，径约37.5px；雄蕊5枚。浆果球形，熟时深红色，聚合成下垂之穗状。花期5～6月，果8～9月成熟。

【分布】：主产于辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、河北、内蒙古等地。东北、华北等地都有野生或栽培。

【习性】：耐寒性强，较耐阴，喜肥沃湿润、排水良好的土壤。

【繁殖】：压条、分株、播种或扦插繁殖。

【用途】：叶片秀丽，花朵淡雅而芳香，果实红艳，是优良的垂直绿化材料，可作篱垣、棚架、门厅绿化材料或缠绕大树、点缀山石。

Schisandra chinensis (common name: magnolia-vine, Chinese magnolia-vine, schisandra), whose fruit is called magnolia berry[4] or five-flavor-fruit[1] (from Chinese wǔ wèi zi), is a deciduous woody vine native to forests of Northern China and the Russian Far East. It is hardy in USDA Zone 4. The plant likes some shade with moist, well-drained soil. The species itself is dioecious, thus flowers on a female plant will only produce fruit when fertilized with pollen from a male plant. However, a hybrid selection titled 'Eastern Prince' has perfect flowers and is self-fertile. Seedlings of 'Eastern Prince' are sometimes sold under the same name, but are typically single-sex plants. The fruits are red berries borne in dense hanging clusters around 10 cm long.