Computer System
Dialogue
摘要：对话训练
Dialogue 1
A: Hey,Bill. Can you tell what's wrong with my computer?
I can't move the
mouse, I can't use the keyboard. Nothing is working right.
B: Hmmm it like your hard drive crashed.
A: That sounds bad.
B: Well, if you didn't save your work,you might lose the most recent
changes you've made .but it shouldn't be too bad.
You just need to
reboot your computer.
Dialogue 2
A: Oh, no! I can't remember where I saved my file, and there are too
many directories on my hard drive.
I'll never find it!
B: Do you remember the name of your file?
A: I named it Term Paper.
B: Just click on the Start button at the left bottom of your screen.
Then you'll see
an item called Find.
Click on that
and type in the name of your document.
The computer
will help you find it no time!
Dialogue 3
A: What’s the best kind of printer to buy?
B: That depends on what you want to print.
A: I guess that makes sense.
I mostly print
word documents and some Power Point files.
B: In that case I would suggest a color bubble-jet printer.
They're usually
pretty cheap and compact, but they produce sufficient graphic quality to print
Power Point files.
Dialogue 4
A: I've decided to buy a CD writer.
B: What are you going to do with that?
A: I enjoy photography, and I've decided to start storing my pictures
on CD-ROM.
Professional Terms
passages
摘要：文章训练
Vocabularies
Combination
electromechanic
Intelligence
Term
Passages
The term
computer is used to describe a device made up of a combination of electronic
and electrom mechanical components.
By itself, a
computer has no intelligence and referred to as hardware.
A computer
doesn't come to life until it is connected to other parts of a computer system.
When one
computer system is set up to communicate with another computer system.
Connectivity
becomes a sixth system element.
In other words,
the manner in which the various individual systems are connected...
For example, by
phone lines. Microwave transmission, or satellite---is itself an element of the
total computer system.
Notes
In other words,
the manner in which the various individual systems are connected
For example, by
phone lines, microwave transmission, or satellite---is itself an element of the
total computer system.
This is the lab
in which we often make scientific experiment.
Professional Terms
passages
摘要：文章训练
Vocabularies
constitute
create
however
instruction
operate
perform
present
response
task
Passages
Software is the
term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a
task.
Without software
instructions, the hardware doesn't know what to do.
People ,however
,consititute the most important component of the computer system.
Operate the
computer hardware.
they create the
computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that those
instructions present.
Right now let's
discuss the importance of data and information .
Notes
Software is the
term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a
task; without software instructions ,the hardware doesn't know what to do.
The purpose of a
computer system is to convert data into information.
Data is raw,
unevaluated facts and figures, concepts ,and instructions.
This raw
material is processed into useful information.
In other words,
information is the product of data processing.
This processing
includes refining ,summarizing categorizing ,and otherwise manipulating the
data into a useful form for decision -making.
For example, the
facts and figures contained in a stack of customer orders waiting to be entered
into a computer-based order entry system are data.
after the data
is entered and processed,and output report about how that data affected product
inventory would be information.
Notes
摘要：文章训练
Notes
This process
includes refining, summarizing ,categorizing ,and otherwise manipulating the
data into a useful form of decision-making.
People capture
data in a variety of ways--for example by reading ,listening .or seeing.
Then they may
record the data on a document.
For instance ,
Roger Shu records his name on an employee timecard by first entering the letter
R>
This letter ,and
each of the remaining letters in his name is an element of data.
as are the
number 12/22 and 5,used to indicate the data and the number of overtime hours
worked.
By themselves
,these data elements are useless.
we must process
them to make them mean something.
The report
produced when Roger's data is run through a computer-based employee records
system gives us information.
for example, the
amount of money due to Roger for his overtime work.
As are the
number 12/22 and 5.
Mechanical Beginnings
Some mechanical control and computing devices preceded the development of the modern computer.
An American named Herman Hollerith invented machines using punch cards (穿孔卡片)that were used to tabulate statistics for the 1890 US census.
Punched cards (also marked cards) are still in limited use gathering input data for computers. You may recall the debacle in Florida during the 2000 presidential election where improperly-punched voting cards caused problems with the vote counting.[1]
