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The Original Work
TheHours is a 1998 novelwritten by Michael Cunningham. It won the 1999 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, the 1999 PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction,and was later made into an Oscar-winning2002 movie of the same name starring Nicole Kidman, Meryl Streep and JulianneMoore.
The book concerns three generations ofwomen affected by the classic novel Mrs. Dalloway.In Richmond,1923, Author Virginia Woolf is writing Mrs.Dalloway and struggling with her own mental illness. In 1949 Los Angeles, Mrs. Brown,wife of a World War II veteran, who is reading Mrs. Dalloway, plans her husband’s birthdayparty. In 1999 New York City, Clarissa Vaughan, a bisexual woman,plans a party to celebrate a major literary award received by her good friendand former lover, the poet Richard, who is dying of an AIDS-related illness.
The situations of all three charactersmirror situations experienced by Woolf’s Clarissa Dalloway in Mrs. Dalloway, with Clarissa Vaughanbeing a very literal modern-day version of Woolf’s character. Like Mrs.Dalloway, Clarissa Vaughan goes on a journey to buy flowers while reflecting onthe minutiae of the day around her and later prepares to throw a party.Clarissa Dalloway and Clarissa Vaughan also both reflect on their histories andpast loves in relation to their current lives, which they both perceive astrivial. A number of other characters in Clarissa Vaughan’s story also parallelcharacters in Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway.
Cunningham’s novel also mirrors Mrs. Dalloway’s stream-of-consciousnessnarrative style (a style pioneered by Woolf and James Joyce) in which theflowing thoughts and perceptions of protagonists aredepicted as they would occur in real life, unfiltered, flitting from one thingto another, and often rather unpredictable. In terms of time, this meanscharacters interact not only with the moment in the time in which they areliving, but also shoot back to the past in their memories, and in so doingcreate a depth of history and backstory which weighs upon their presentmoments, which otherwise might appear quite trivial; buying flowers, baking acake and such things.
Cunningham’s novel also uses the device inWoolf’s Mrs. Dalloway ofplacing the action of the novel within the space of one day. In Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway it is one day in thelife of the central character Clarissa Dalloway. In Cunningham’s book it is oneday in the life of each of the three central characters; Clarissa Vaughan,Laura Brown and Virginia Woolf herself. Through this prism, Cunninghamattempts, as did Woolf, to show the beauty and profundity of every day----eventhe most ordinary----in every person’s life and conversely how a person’s wholelife can be examined through the prism of one single day.
Michael Cunningham took the novel’stitle, The Hours, from theoriginal working title that Virginia Woolf used for Mrs. Dalloway.
附:《时时刻刻》内涵示意图
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The Film Adaptation
The Hours is a 2002 drama film directedby Stephen Daldry and starring Meryl Streep, Julianne Moore and Nicole Kidman.The screenplay by David Hare is based on Michael Cunningham's 1999 Pulitzer Prize-winning novelof the same title. The film's worldpremière was on December 18, 2002 at the Mann's National Theatre in California, before a limited release in the
The Hours garnered various awards andnominations following its release, with nominations ranging from recognition ofthe film itself to Hare's screenplay, Philip Glass'score and the cast's acting performances, particularly those of Nicole Kidman and JulianneMoore. The film received nine Academy Award nominations; the ceremonysaw Kidman win the Best Actress award. At the 56th British Academy FilmAwards, The Hours won two awards from eleven nominations. The Deutscher Filmpreis awarded TheHours Best Foreign Film, while the GLAAD Media Awards named itOutstanding Wide Release Film. The Hours received seven nominationsat the 60th Golden Globe Awards, winning the Best Drama Film and BestActress awards. Mooreearned a Best Actress award from the Los Angeles Film Critics Association,while Meryl Streep was given the award for Best Performance by anActress in a Leading Role from Outfest, a LGBT-oriented filmfestival.
The film was nominated for a total of eightawards from the Satellite and 9th Screen Actors Guild Award ceremonies,but failed to win any. The Hours won three Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards,including Best Supporting Actress for Toni Collette.Collette also won the Boston Society of Film Critics Award forBest Supporting Actress. Hare and Cunningham were given the 2002 USC Scripter Award for Best Screenplay.The Writers Guild of America named Harethe winner of the Best Adapted Screenplay award, while the London Film Critics' Circle named himBritish Screenwriter of the Year.
The film follows three women of differentgenerations whose lives are interconnected by Virginia Woolf's1925 novel, Mrs Dalloway. It complies completely with the trend andframework of the novel and takes 3-step composition to describe the three women’sone day in different space time. The film deftly builds a sense ofsynchronicity and connection using quick cuts of small events that happen ineach figure. There are also some deep details which skillfully weave the threewomen’s lives together to be a whole one. The film also is involved in thetopic Homosexuality, such as Clarissa lived with Sally together for 10 years;Virginia and Laura, the former kissed her sister and the other kissed herneighbor-both had the tendency of that.
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